Eritrea is a country located in the Horn of Africa, known for its rich history, diverse cultures, and distinctive architecture. Its Red Sea coastline offers pristine marine environments, while its highlands feature ancient towns and unique cultural traditions. Despite its relative obscurity in mainstream tourism, Eritrea provides authentic experiences for travelers interested in history, archaeology, and nature.

**Key Regions:**

- **Asmara:** The capital, famed for its well-preserved Italian colonial architecture and vibrant café culture.
- **Massawa:** Historic port city with Ottoman and Egyptian influences, offering access to Red Sea beaches.
- **Dahlak Archipelago:** A group of islands known for exceptional diving and marine biodiversity.
- **Highlands:** Featuring ancient monasteries and traditional villages.

These regions appeal to travelers seeking culture, history, and marine adventures.

Eritrea’s climate varies by region:

- **Coastal Areas:** Hot and arid, with temperatures often exceeding 30°C.
- **Highlands:** Mild and temperate, with cooler nights.
- **Rainfall:** Sparse, mainly between June and September.

Travelers should prepare for heat in lowlands and moderate temperatures in highlands.

- **Visa:** Required for most nationalities; apply in advance.
- **Passport Validity:** Minimum 6 months.
- **Customs:** Restrictions on certain imports and exports; limited duty-free allowances.
- **Currency:** Eritrean Nakfa (ERN).

- **Main Airport:** Asmara International Airport (ASM).
- **Flights:** Limited international connections primarily from Middle East and East Africa.
- **Sea:** Ports at Massawa and Assab; limited passenger ferry services.

**Transport Options:**

- **Buses and Shared Taxis:** Common for intercity travel.
- **Private Taxis:** Available in urban centers.
- **Car Rentals:** Limited; private arrangements are common.

Infrastructure is developing; travel times may be longer than expected.

- **Requirements:** Valid driver’s license; international permit advised.
- **Driving:** Right-hand traffic.
- **Road Conditions:** Vary widely; main roads are paved, rural roads less so.
- **Advice:** Exercise caution and plan routes carefully.

- **Internet:** Limited availability; slow speeds in many areas.
- **Wi-Fi:** Available in hotels and select cafés.
- **SIM Cards:** Obtainable with ID; major providers include EriTel.
- **Coverage:** Primarily in urban centers.

**Accommodation:**

- Primarily small hotels and guesthouses in urban areas.
- Prices range from budget to mid-range.
- Advance booking recommended where possible.

- **Currency:** Eritrean Nakfa (ERN).
- **Cards:** Very limited acceptance; cash is preferred.
- **ATMs:** Rare outside major cities.
- **Typical Expenses:**
- Meals: Moderate pricing.
- Transport: Affordable.
- **Tipping:** Appreciated but not obligatory.

- Emergency: 112
- Tourist Information: +291 1 122 000
- Airport Information (Asmara): +291 1 120 000

Eritrea’s Red Sea coastline features unspoiled beaches with opportunities for swimming and relaxation, especially near Massawa. Beaches are largely undeveloped, offering a quiet environment.

The Dahlak Archipelago is a premier diving destination with pristine coral reefs, abundant marine life, and excellent visibility. Diving infrastructure is limited but improving, suitable for experienced divers.

**Shopping:**

- Markets offer local crafts, silver jewelry, and traditional textiles.
- Souvenirs include woven baskets and handmade artifacts.
- Bargaining is common in markets.

Modern shopping facilities are limited.

**Cuisine:**

- Eritrean cuisine is similar to Ethiopian, featuring injera (flatbread) with spicy stews.
- Common dishes include tsebhi (meat stew) and shiro (chickpea stew).
- Coffee ceremonies are culturally significant.
- Restaurants range from casual eateries to traditional coffee houses.